A Comparison Study of Ammonia Synthesis Converter Design

Ammonia synthesis converters are key items in ammonia plants. Their reliability is essential, as a plant cannot run if the converter is down. Since their performance has a significant impact on the overall plant energy consumption, they also have to operate efficiently. In addition, the ammonia synthesis converter is the reactor with the longest run between catalyst changes, and therefore, they must run for 10-15 years without the eventuality of repairs or inspections. These units have also an impact on the safety of plants, as they are subject to have different metallurgical deterioration phenomena, and as they have a quite complicated mechanical design with multiple catalyst beds. The catalyst replacements and inspections are difficult tasks also from a safety point of view. This paper presents these various aspects in detail, and the experience and solutions to solve the problems achieved by the major Ammonia synthesis converter licensors.

کلیدواژه ها:

Ammonia Synthesis Converter ، Catalyst ، Design