The Effect of Hemoglobin and Body Mass Index on the Outcomes of COVID-۱۹: A Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Previous studies indicated the risk factors for COVID-۱۹. Malnutrition is one of the main causes of immune system failure. This study aims to investigate the effect of nutritional status on the outcomes of COVID-۱۹ in participants of Yazd Health Study (YaHS). Methods: ۲۷۹ people who had taken a blood test before contracting COVID-۱۹ were included in this study in ۲۰۲۲. Data of PO۲ level, rate of hospitalization, "supplementation with oxygen" rate, BUN, and creatinine were extracted. Malnutrition status was evaluated using hemoglobin levels and body mass index (BMI). The authors applied analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent sample t-test to show differences between levels of BMI and hemoglobin. All statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS version ۲۲.۰ software. Results: The results showed a significant difference between hemoglobin levels and different BMI levels (P = ۰.۰۳). However, there was no significant relationship between different BMI levels and BUN (P = ۰.۳۴), creatinine (P = ۰.۴۲), BUN/Cr (P = ۰.۱۴), PO۲ (P = ۰.۳۴), supplementation with oxygen (P = ۰.۲۶), and hospitalization rates (P = ۰.۹۷). The results according to the normal and abnormal hemoglobin levels were not significant. Conclusion: According to the criteria used in this study to assess nutritional status (BMI and hemoglobin levels), there was no significant relationship between nutritional status (different levels of BMI and hemoglobin) and COVID-۱۹ outcomes, including hospitalization rate, “supplementation with oxygen” rate, and low PO۲ levels. Further studies in different countries using other nutritional status assessment tools are needed to confirm these findings.

کلیدواژه ها:

Malnutrition ، COVID-۱۹ ، hemoglobins ، nutritional sciences ، nutritional status