Research Article: Investigating the effects of Sargassum glaucescens extract on virulence gene expression of Salmonella typhi and it’s anticancer potential in Caco۲ cancer cells

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance has led researchers to search for pharmaceutical products that can replace antibiotics or be used in combination with them. Among natural compounds, brown algae extract can have inhibitory effects on bacteria. In the present study, the effect of Sargassum glaucescens extract on virulence gene expression and its anticancer potential was investigated. Stool samples were collected from gastrointestinal infection individuals referred to Imam Khomeini and Milad Hospitals in Tehran from March ۲۱, ۲۰۲۲, to September ۲۱, ۲۰۲۲. Salmonella typhi isolates were identified using phenotypic and chemical tests. Next, Vir gene was confirmed through a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In the next step, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the methanolic extract of S. glaucescens was determined. Furthermore, the expression level of Vir, P۵۳, and Bcl-۲ was investigated using the Real-Time PCR method. Among ۱۱۰ collected samples, ۶۰ isolates of S. typhi were identified, all of which had the Vir gene. The MIC of the methanolic extract was S. glaucescens ۱۶ μg/ml. The expression level of Vir and Bcl-۲ in Caco۲ cells infected with S. typhi, and treated with S. glaucescens extract was significantly decreased (p˂۰.۰۰۱). Besides, the expression level of P۵۳ showed a significant increase (p<۰.۰۰۰۱). The obtained results showed that the methanolic extract of S. glaucescens has strong anti-bacterial and anti-cancer effects.

کلیدواژه ها:

Salmonella typhi ، Vir ، Brown algae ، Real-Time PCR ، Sargassum glaucescens ، Virulence genes