Investigating The Impact of AI-Assisted Learning on Critical Thinking in Educational Environments: A Systematic Literature Review

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into educational environments has raised critical questions regarding its impact on students' cognitive skills, particularly critical thinking. This study aimed to systematically explore the influence of AI-assisted learning on critical thinking development through thematic analysis of recent academic literature. The methodology employed Braun and Clarke's (۲۰۰۶) six-phase framework, analyzing ۳۲ peer-reviewed articles published between ۲۰۱۵ and ۲۰۲۴, selected via SPIDER-based criteria from Scopus, ERIC, and Web of Science databases. The statistical population included studies focusing on AI tools (e.g., IBM Watson, ۲۰۱۱; ChatGPT, OpenAI, ۲۰۲۰; Google Bard, ۲۰۲۲) and their empirical outcomes on critical thinking. Data collection involved qualitative analysis using thematic coding, while interventions included adaptive learning systems and natural language processing (NLP)-based platforms. Results indicated that AI enhances critical thinking through interactive environments, increased student engagement, and self-regulated learning but highlighted risks such as cognitive dependency and algorithmic bias. The study concludes that AI-assisted learning holds significant potential for fostering critical thinking when integrated with pedagogically balanced strategies, though its implementation requires safeguards against over-reliance and ethical pitfalls.

کلیدواژه ها:

AI-assisted learning ، Critical thinking ، Educational environments ، Thematic analysis ، Cognitive development