Smart vs. Standard Mattresses for Pressure Ulcer Prevention in ICU: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Smart mattresses, equipped with various sensors and artificial intelligence (AI), are highly effective in monitoring pressure ulcers (PU). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of both smart and non-smart mattresses in preventing PU in patients with special conditions. Method: A search was conducted using electronic databases such as Cochrane Library, Cinahl, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Studies were retrieved with relevant keywords, including original research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and cohort studies. This review followed the PRISMA ۲۰۲۰ protocol. VOSviewer bibliometric software, qualitative meta-analysis, and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist were used to evaluate the risk of bias in the studies. Result: Seventeen articles were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The JBI checklist for assessing the quality and risk of bias of studies showed that most studies were at low risk of bias in patient selection but at high risk in the index and reference test. Bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer identified important keywords. It is recommended that high-risk studies be reviewed separately or given less weight to preserve the accuracy of the results. Conclusion: The quality assessment of the studies revealed a high risk of bias in the index and reference tests due to a lack of blinding and non-standardized methods. The bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer highlighted important research trends in PU prevention. While smart mattresses using sensors and AI algorithms perform better, their use is limited by technical challenges and costs, and more comprehensive, rigorous research is needed.

کلیدواژه ها:

ICU patients ، Smart mattress ، Air mattress ، Pressure Ulcer ، Meta-Analysis