Investigating the Effect of Attachment Styles on the Level of Perceived Anxiety and Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with the Moderating Role of Defense Mechanisms

Introduction: This study investigates the influence of attachment styles on perceived anxiety and stress levels in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), considering the moderating effect of defense mechanisms. PCOS, a hormonal imbalance, can cause physical changes and other complications, potentially affecting the mental health of women. Method: This cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study used structural equation modeling and path analysis to examine female patients with PCOS attending women's treatment clinics in Tehran in ۲۰۲۲. A sample of ۱۵۲ women was selected using purposive sampling. Research instruments included the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ), and Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ-۴۰). Descriptive statistics and moderation analysis were carried out with Jamovi software version ۲.۴, while SmartPLS software version ۴ was used for path analysis. The p-value of ۰.۰۵ was established for this study. Results: Findings revealed that avoidant attachment style significantly reduced stress (β=۰.۱۹, P=۰.۰۱۲) but not anxiety (β=۰.۱۸, P=۰.۰۵۷). Immature defensive style significantly reduced stress (β=۰.۵۰, P=۰.۰۰۰۱) and moderated the relationship between both avoidant (β=۰.۳۲, P=۰.۰۱۳) and secure (β=-۰.۲۵, P=۰.۰۳۶) attachment styles and anxiety. Conclusion: This research suggests that women with PCOS experience higher stress levels when displaying avoidant attachment and immature defense mechanisms. Conversely, secure attachment can mitigate anxiety, even with inadequate defense mechanisms. These findings may inform the development of psychological interventions to reduce stress and anxiety in this population.

کلیدواژه ها:

Attachment Styles ، anxiety ، Perceived stress ، Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ، Defense Mechanisms