Towards Sustainable Microgrids: A Review on the Integration of Renewable Energy and Energy Storage in Future Energy systems

In recent years, renewable energy sources have played a pivotal role in the global transition toward clean and sustainable energy systems. The integration of these distributed energy resources into future power networks has given rise to a novel concept known as the microgrid. Microgrids are localized, flexible, and intelligent energy systems capable of operating both in grid-connected and islanded modes. They can efficiently incorporate renewable energy, energy storage systems, and controllable loads, thereby enhancing energy security, resilience, and sustainability. Given the increasing complexity and multidimensional nature of energy systems, the planning of microgrids has become a critical area of research. Effective microgrid planning requires a comprehensive consideration of technical, economic, environmental, and regulatory aspects to ensure optimal operation and long-term viability. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current state-of-the-art in microgrid planning. It systematically explores various planning methodologies, key requirements, and associated challenges, offering valuable insights into recent developments and emerging trends in the field. Through this review, we aim to bridge knowledge gaps and identify future research directions for the development of intelligent, resilient, and resource-efficient microgrids that effectively address both energy and water challenges.

کلیدواژه ها:

Renewable energy ، microgrids ، energy management ، uncertainty