The Effects of Androctonus crassicauda Scorpion Venom on Liver and Kidney Histopathology and Biochemical Factors in STZ-induced Diabetic Rats

Background: Type ۲ diabetes (T۲D) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency, leading to chronic hyperglycemia. The potential therapeutic applications of scorpion venom have gained attention in recent years, particularly in the context of diabetes management. Therefore, our aim is to investigate the effect of A. crassicauda scorpion venom on biochemical factors of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.Methods: In this study, diabetes was defined as any blood sugar level over ۲۵۰ mg/dL in male Wistar rats induced by a single dose of streptozotocin intraperitoneally. The animals were divided into five groups, two of which received scorpion venom. Afterwards, the levels of blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), urea, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured. In addition, histopathological changes in the liver and kidneys were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results: It was found that Androctonus crassicauda scorpion venom reduced blood sugar. Other biochemical factors were also decreased compared to the diabetic group, and histological analysis showed partial repair of degenerated liver and kidney cells after venom injection compared with diabetic rats not treated with venom.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the effect of Androctonus crassicauda scorpion venom on diabetes is positive and reduces diabetic symptoms. Therefore, scorpion venom may be a viable option for managing diabetes in the future.

کلیدواژه ها:

Androctonus crassicauda ، Scorpion venom ، Type ۲ diabetes (T۲D)