Identification of high-yielding and stable barley genotypes for warm climates in Iran using the GGE biplot method

One of the primary objectives in the development of new crop varieties is to elucidate the genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) effects observed in multi-environment trials (METs). Consequently, the primary aim of the present study was to identify superior barley genotypes in terms of grain yield and stability for potential application in the warm regions of Iran. To achieve this, a selection of genetic materials comprising ۱۸ promising genotypes, in addition to a local cultivar (Oxin, serving as the reference check), was evaluated across five research stations: Darab, Ahvaz, Zabol, Moghan, and Gonbad, during the cropping seasons of ۲۰۱۹-۲۰۲۱. The findings indicated that the main effects of environment (E), genotypes (G), and their interactions (GEI) were highly significant. Mean comparisons revealed that the highest grain yields were recorded for genotypes G۱۶, G۸, G۱۵, G۱, and G۹, respectively, when compared to other genotypes. The GGE biplot analysis demonstrated that the first two principal components accounted for ۳۳% and ۱۴.۶۷% of the total variation in grain yield, respectively. Utilizing the polygon viewpoint of the GGE biplot, four mega-environments were identified within the warm climate of Iran. Based on these results, genotype G۱۶ is recommended as a well-adapted genotype exhibiting high grain yield and stability in the target environments. Therefore, further comprehensive research on this genotype is warranted prior to its release for commercial cultivation.

کلیدواژه ها:

GGE biplot ، Mega-environment ، Stability ، Warm regions