Meniscal Ramp Lesions and Root Tears: A Review of the Current Literature

Background: Meniscus injuries, particularly ramp lesions and root tears, are significant knee injuries that can severely impact joint stability and function. Ramp lesions occur at the posterior meniscocapsular junction, while root tears involve the detachment of meniscal insertions in the area between the anterior or posterior condyle. Both types of injuries can lead to altered knee biomechanics and increased risk of arthritis if not adequately addressed. This study increasingly focuses on these specific injury patterns due to unique anatomical considerations and their implications for management and outcomes. Methods: This study provides a comprehensive review of meniscus ramp lesions and root tears from ۲۰۰۸ to ۲۰۲۰, synthesizing findings from various studies detailing the mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic challenges, and treatment options. The review also emphasizes the importance of advanced imaging techniques, particularly MRI, in diagnosing these injuries while highlighting their limitations in sensitivity, and includes case studies and clinical results to demonstrate the effectiveness of various management approaches. Results: The review indicates that ramp lesions are often associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, with studies showing that up to ۴۰% of medial meniscus tears in ACL-deficient knees are ramp lesions. These injuries are often undetected due to low MRI sensitivity. Therefore, arthroscopic evaluation is recommended for confirmation. Additionally, root tears, characterized by bony or soft-tissue avulsions, pose significant challenges in treatment due to their critical role in knee stability. This study emphasizes that both ramp lesions and root tears require meticulous surgical intervention to restore effective knee function. Results show that patients who undergo appropriate surgical repair have improved functional scores and reduced pain levels compared to those managed conservatively. Conclusion: Meniscus ramp lesions and root tears represent distinct yet critical injury patterns within the knee that require specialized attention in diagnosis and treatment. Understanding their mechanisms and implications is vital for orthopedic surgeons and rehabilitation specialists aiming to optimize patient outcomes. Early diagnosis through comprehensive clinical assessment and appropriate imaging is essential for effective management. Surgical intervention remains the preferred approach to ensure proper healing and prevent long-term complications such as osteoarthritis.

کلیدواژه ها:

Meniscal Ramp Lesions ، Root Tears ، Anterior Cruciate Ligament ، Knee Injuries ، Arthroscopy ، Rehabilitation