Incidence and Prevention of Thromboembolic Complications for Sports and Arthroscopic -related Surgery: Evidence -based Recommendations

Background: In recent years, sports surgeries and arthroscopy have become increasingly common, especially among athletes. As a result, understanding the incidence of thromboembolic complications and implementing effective prevention strategies to improve patient outcomes is essential. This research addresses the significant issue of thromboembolic complications, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), which may arise following these procedures. The authors aim to combine the existing evidence on the incidence of thromboembolic events in this context and provide practical recommendations for physicians. Methods: The authors conducted a comprehensive literature review between ۲۰۲۰ and ۲۰۲۲, focusing on studies that reported the incidence of thromboembolic complications associated with various sports and arthroscopic surgeries. This review included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and systematic reviews published in peer-reviewed journals. The analysis emphasized identifying risk factors related to thromboembolic events, such as patient demographic characteristics, type of surgery, and postoperative care protocols. The authors also examined current guidelines on preventive measures to mitigate these risks. Results: The review revealed that the incidence of thromboembolic complications varies significantly depending on the type of surgery performed and the characteristics of the patient. For instance, DVT rates have been reported to range from ۰.۵% to ۱۵% after knee arthroscopy, while the rate of PE was significantly lower, generally below ۱%. Identified risk factors include prolonged immobility, obesity, previous thromboembolic history, and certain comorbidities such as cancer or cardiovascular diseases. The authors emphasized that despite the low incidence of these complications in arthroscopic procedures, awareness and preventive measures are crucial. They recommended implementing risk assessment protocols before surgery to identify high-risk patients, along with preventive measures such as early mobilization, hydration strategies, and the use of compression devices or medications when necessary. Conclusion: As a result, while thromboembolic complications in sports and arthroscopic surgeries are relatively rare, their potential impact on patient health necessitates vigilance from healthcare providers. This research highlights the importance of individual risk assessment and preventive strategies tailored to each patient’s needs. By following evidence-based recommendations for prevention, physicians can significantly reduce the incidence of DVT and PE in patients undergoing these procedures, thereby improving overall surgical outcomes.

کلیدواژه ها:

Thromboembolic Complications ، Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) ، Pulmonary Embolism (PE) ، Arthroscopic Surgery ، Sports Medicine ، Prevention Strategies