Achilles Tendinopathy

Background: Achilles tendinopathy is a common overuse injury affecting the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscles to the heel bone. This condition is characterized by pain, stiffness, and swelling along the tendon, particularly in athletes and physically active individuals. The incidence of Achilles tendinopathy has been rising, especially among runners and those participating in sports that require jumping or abrupt changes in direction. Understanding the pathophysiology, risk factors, and impact of this condition is crucial for effective management and prevention strategies. Methods: In this study, a systematic review of existing scientific articles in databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted, analyzing studies related to Achilles tendinopathy from ۲۰۰۰ to ۲۰۲۳. All studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, focusing on various treatment methods (physiotherapy, medication, surgery, etc.). Appropriate statistical methods were used for data analysis, and treatment outcomes were evaluated based on clinical symptoms and improvement in sports performance. Results: The review identified several effective treatment modalities for Achilles tendinopathy. Conservative management, including physical therapy, remains the first line of treatment. Eccentric strengthening exercises, stretching programs, and activity modification were found to significantly reduce symptoms and improve function. Corticosteroid injections may provide short-term relief but carry risks of tendon rupture with prolonged use. Surgical interventions, such as tendon debridement or repair, are typically considered when conservative measures fail after six months. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials indicated that eccentric exercises improved pain and functionality in ۸۰% of cases within three to six months, suggesting a strong correlation between rehabilitation and recovery. Conclusion: Achilles tendinopathy is a prevalent condition that can significantly impact the quality of life and athletic performance. Early diagnosis and a tailored rehabilitation program focusing on eccentric strengthening exercises are crucial for effective management. While conservative treatments are generally effective, surgical options may be necessary for chronic cases. Continued research into the pathophysiology and innovative treatment methods is essential to improve outcomes for patients suffering from this debilitating condition. Keywords: Achilles tendinopathy, overuse injury, physical therapy, eccentric exercises, treatment outcomes, rehabilitation, sports injuries, tendon health.

کلیدواژه ها:

Achilles tendinopathy ، overuse injury ، physical therapy ، eccentric exercises ، treatment outcomes ، rehabilitation ، sports injuries ، tendon health