Investigating the Leadership Style and Approach of Sociology of Peace in Political Relations from the Perspective of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH)

War and peace are two sides of the coin of individual and social life, and avoiding war or engaging in it is justified by peace and tranquility. In line with this, peace is one of the most pleasant words for all human beings. Meanwhile, some orientalists are determined to introduce Islam as 'the ritual of the sword'. This is despite the fact that now the apparently Muslim Takfiris have developed the phenomenon of 'Islamophobia' with their inhuman behavior. Of course, the lack of approach to leadership style and sociology of peace from the perspective of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) has also provided a suitable platform for this accusation. In the religious explanation of war, the war for religious goals is called Jihad, and this was and is the first and best explanation of the battles of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Therefore, both defensive battles and offensive battles (primary jihad) are explained from the perspective of trying to protect or expand divine values, and even in its contemporary sources, although this explanation is linked to human rights, it is explained from the same religious perspective. The findings of the research indicate that Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) with a transnational and global attitude and by compiling laws such as the 'Brotherhood Pact', made a society made up of religious, ethnic, and tribal groups into a unified organization and political system. Such an explanation, which considers peace and war in the direction of the state and nation-building, makes it subordinate to the logic of the state and it should be considered in the set of general goals of the state and the nation. Therefore, keeping in mind the three options of defense, war, and peace, three approaches in contemporary strategic issues can be listed: defense-oriented approach, war-oriented approach, and peace-oriented approach. This research, with a descriptive-analytical method, seeks to understand the conceptual approach in the form of religious, sociological, and legal explanations of peace in leadership style from the perspective of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in society.

کلیدواژه ها:

peace ، nation-building ، leadership style ، sociology ، Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)