Flood Risk Management in Urban Subway Systems Using Digital Twins: A Case Study of the New York City Subway

Urban subway systems are particularly vulnerable to flooding due to their subterranean structure and proximity to groundwater and surface water bodies. This study leverages digital twin technology to simulate flood scenarios and assess the structural resilience of the New York City subway system under varying flood intensities. By integrating real-time environmental and structural data, we analyzed water ingress rates, emergency response effectiveness, and identified high-risk segments within the subway. Simulation results revealed that water ingress reached ۱,۰۵۰ liters per minute during a ۱۰۰-year flood event, with structural stress peaking at ۸۵% in critical segments. Emergency pumps, while effective in ۱۰-year and ۵۰-year scenarios, were overwhelmed in the ۱۰۰-year scenario, resulting in ۴۶۰ liters of residual water and drainage times exceeding ۹ hours. High-risk segments, particularly near the Hudson and East Rivers, exhibited flood risk levels between ۸۰% and ۹۰%, emphasizing the need for pump capacity upgrades and structural reinforcements. This research highlights the potential of digital twins in improving flood resilience through predictive maintenance and real-time disaster response, offering a scalable solution for urban infrastructure facing similar challenges.

کلیدواژه ها:

Digital Twin ، Flood Risk Management ، Urban Subway Systems ، New York City Subway ، Structural Resilience ، Real-Time Monitoring ، Predictive Maintenance ، Emergency Response