Removal Efficiency of Sugarcane Bagasse Biochar for Uptake of Sodium Ion from Aqueous Solution: Nonlinear isotherm and kinetics modelling

This research examines sodium removability from agricultural wastewater using sugarcane bagasse sorbents, which helps ease the pressure on water resources during droughts. The biochar was produced in an electric furnace, activated with KOH, microwave-heated, and magnetized using a ۲:۱ ratio of Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate to Iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate. Three KOH-to-biochar ratios, microwave powers, and activation times were used, while sodium concentrations in wastewater samples were adjusted to ۲, ۴, and ۸ g/l with sodium nitrate. Results indicated that higher initial sodium concentrations improved removability. Activated nano biochar achieved ۷۴.۴% more sodium removal than non-nano biochar on average. Magnetization reduced sodium removal by an average of ۱۸.۸%, with reductions ranging from ۱۰.۹% to ۳۱.۶%. The activated nano biochar's removability was ۱.۶ times greater than that of the non-activated version, and magnetization decreased efficiency by ۲۰%. The highest sodium removal occurred at a ۳:۱ activator-to-biochar ratio during the ۲۰۰ and ۴۰۰ W treatments, achieving maximum removability of ۶۱.۴% for activated nano biochar and ۵۸.۳% for the magnetized version.

کلیدواژه ها:

Activation ، KOH (Potassium hydroxide) ، Microwave ، Magnetization