Combining anti-checkpoint immunotherapies and cancer vaccines as a novelstrategy in oncological therapy: A review

The fi eld of cancer immunotherapy has experienced remarkable advancements in the treatment of human cancersover recent decades. Therapeutic cancer vaccines have been employed to elicit antitumor immuneresponses through the generation of speci fi c reactions against tumor ‐ associated antigens. Although preclinicalstudies have demonstrated hopeful results and at least one product is approved for clinical use, the overall ef fi -cacy of cancer vaccines remains restricted. The co ‐ administration of anti ‐ checkpoint antibodies alongside cancervaccines is proposed as a potential strategy to enhance the clinical ef fi cacy of immunotherapies. Among thevarious anti ‐ checkpoint agents, monoclonal antibodies targeting CD۱۲۷, OX۴۰, and CD۴۰ have been furtherinvestigated in combined administration with cancer vaccines, demonstrating a synergistic impact on diseaseoutcomes in both animal models and human subjects. This combinational approach has been shown to suppresstumor regression, improve survival rates, and promote the ef fi cacy of cancer vaccines via multiple mechanisms,including the augmentation of generation, activation, and expansion of CD۸ + T cells, as well as the productionof tumor ‐ inhibitory cytokines. Importantly, the impact of the concurrent administration of anti ‐ checkpointagents and cancer vaccines surpass those observed with the sole vaccine, indicating that this strategy may offersigni fi cant advantages for clinical application in cancer patients. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensiveoverview of the signi fi cance and therapeutic potential of the combined administration of checkpointagonist/antagonist antibodies and cancer vaccines for human tumors.

کلیدواژه ها:

cancer vaccineCheckpointImmunotherapyCD۱۲۷OX۴۰