Effects of stress modulators (vermicompost, mycorrhiza, putrescine and nano zinc oxide) on rate and grain filling period of barley ( Hordeum Vulgare L.) under salinity stress

In order to study of the effects of stress modulators (vermicompost, mycorrhiza, putrescine and nano zinc oxide) on rate and grain filling period of barley under salinity stress, an experimental as factorial was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research greenhouse of faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili during ۲۰۲۲. The experimental factors were included salinity in three levels (without salinity as control, salinity of ۴۰ and ۸۰ mM by NaCl), application of bio-organic fertilizers in four levels (no application as control, application of vermicompost, mycorrhiza, application of vermicompost and mycorrhiza), foliar application of putrescine and nano zinc oxide in four levels (foliar application with water as control, foliar application of ۰.۴ g.L-۱ nano zinc oxide, ۰.۸ mM putrescine, foliar application of nano zinc oxide and putrescine). The results showed that maximum of grain filling period and effective grain filling period (۴۱.۳ and ۳۲.۴ days, respectively) were obtained in no salinity and application of stress modulators. On the other hand, there were an increase about ۱۵.۳ and ۲۱.۳% in grain filling period and effective grain filling period, respectively at the highest salinity level and stress modulators application in comparison with control. Also, application of stress modulators in the highest salinity level increased maximum of grain weight and grain filling rate (۴۶.۸ and ۱۵.۷%, respectively) in comparison with no application of stress modulators at the same level of salinity levels. Based on the results, it seems that the application of stress modulators can increase grain filling components such as rate and grain filling period of barley under salinity stress due to improving grain filling components.

کلیدواژه ها:

Barley ، stress modulators ، salinity stress ، vermicompost ، mycorrhiza ، putrescine ، nano zinc oxide ، grain filling period