Artificial intelligence and its impact on the rules of general international law

Intelligence is defined in different ways. In general, intelligence can be considered a very general mental ability that includes the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, understand complex ideas, learn quickly, and learn through experience. Such ability goes beyond merely learning a book or a limited academic skill or intelligence on a test and reflects a broader and deeper ability to understand the surrounding environment; Like understanding and making sense of things or figuring out what to do. Artificial intelligence is the power of reasoning and programming in computers or other machines. Artificial intelligence is basically one of the fields of computer science that deals with the study and development of intelligent devices by providing suitable algorithms to enable machines to perceive, reason and learn. By researching and developing theories, methods, technologies and applied systems to simulate and expand human intelligence, this field aims to enable machines to perform complex tasks that usually require human intelligence. Of course, it goes without saying that such machines may imitate, enhance or replace human intelligence. Artificial intelligence can be categorized by specific capabilities, for example, weak or narrow artificial intelligence refers to artificial intelligence that can simulate specific intelligent behaviors of humans, such as recognition, learning, reasoning, and judgment. Nowadays, it is necessary to adapt regulations to the challenges of new technology. Liability policies have substantial economic and social impacts. Therefore, choosing a clear and coherent civil liability regime for artificial intelligence will be very crucial. National rules are divergent and provide varying degrees of flexibility to adjust to the challenges of AI. Fault-based liability is a general presumption in most European legal systems. The comparative analysis to choose the basis liability for AI has focused on the four general groups of situations commonly covered in national law by strict liability provisions. According to a recent European Parliament resolution submitted to the European Commission as a proposal, it has been provided a strict liability for the operator of the "high-risk" AI system. Where multiple operators are involved, they should be jointly and severally liable. Other AI systems would be subject to a fault-based liability regime.

کلیدواژه ها:

Artificial Intelligence ، Fault-based liability ، strict liability ، "high-risk" AI systems ، European Union (EU).