Investigation of bioactive compounds produced by Streptomyces species

Interest in the development of biological processes to produce or extract bioactive compounds fromnatural sources due to their potential applications has led to an increase in the use of these compounds inthe food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries in recent years.Actinomycetes, which constitute asignificant percentage of the microbial community in nature, are widely distributed in soil, marine andfresh water environments. These microorganisms have a high ability to produce a wide range ofbiologically active secondary metabolites, especially many antibiotics.Streptomyces, which is known asthe most abundant and important genus in the Actinomycetesfamily, is a good source of antibiotics,extracellular enzymes and other bioactive compounds.Therefore, the members of the Streptomyces genushave been widely studied in the past decades. Because these filamentous bacteria, due to their high abilityto produce important bioactive compounds with anti-cancer, antiviral and antibacterial properties are veryuseful and widely used in clinical cases.Different species of Streptomyces,in addition antibiotics due tothe production of biological products that make up more than %۷۰ of the needed primary materials in thepharmaceutical industry have a special important in the production of biological products. So far, morethan ۷۰۰۰ bioactive compounds is obtained from these microorganisms. Streptomyces are also used in thefield of nanobiotechnology to produce nanoparti-cles of gold, silver, selenium, tellurium and othervaluable elements. In addition, in recent years, they were able to discover new secondary metabolites witha wide range of biological activities from marine Actinomycetes.Therefore, the researchers believe thatwith more studies on extracting, purifying, and optimizing the production of active metabolites ofActinomycetes, an important step can be taken in the direction of producing multiple biological productsand broad-spectrum drugs effective in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by resistantmicroorganisms.Therefore, considering the importance of biological products in various industrial,medical and economic fields of the country, the purpose of this review study is to investigate the types ofbioactive compounds produced by Streptomyces species, optimization methods in mass production andapplication of them.

کلیدواژه ها:

Streptomyces ، Bioactive compounds ، Secondary metabolites