Response of photosynthetic properties of corn plant to foliar application of silicon and calcium in vegetative stage

Photosynthesis is one of the most important plant processes that plays an important role in the production of plant sugars. Silicon and calcium are important and physiologically active elements that have an important effect on the structure of cell membranes and cell walls of plants and the regulation of various plant activities, including biochemical, metabolic and growth processes. Therefore, in order to investigate the effect of foliar application of silicon and calcium on the photosynthetic properties of corn in the vegetative stage, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in greenhouse conditions. The results showed that the traits of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a to b ratio, carotenoids and anthocyanins were affected by the interaction of silicon and calcium foliar application and were significant at the level of one percent. The results of mean comparison showed that the highest amount of total chlorophyll was related to the application of ۵% silicon and ۵% calcium at the rate of ۱۲.۰۳ μg/ml; In contrast, the lowest amount of total chlorophyll was observed in the treatment of non-application of silicon and calcium at the rate of ۶.۱۹ μg/ml. Also, the highest amount of chlorophyll a and b in the treatment of ۵% silicon and ۵% calcium was ۸.۲۲ and ۳.۸۱ μg / ml, respectively. The ratio of chlorophyll a to b, anthocyanins and carotenoids was also affected by calcium and silicon application treatment and the amount of these traits decreased with increasing calcium and silicon consumption. Regression relationships also showed that there was a strong relationship between chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll (R۲ = ۰.۹۲). Also, the highest amount of chlorophyll a and b in the treatment of ۵% silicon and ۵% calcium was ۸.۲۲ and ۳.۸۱ μg/ml, respectively. The ratio of chlorophyll a to b, anthocyanins and carotenoids was also affected by calcium and silicon application treatment and the amount of these traits decreased with increasing calcium and silicon consumption. Regression relationships also showed that there was a strong relationship between chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll (R۲ = ۰.۹۲).

کلیدواژه ها:

Anthocyanin ، Chlorophyll ، Corn ، Silicon