Evaluation and comparison of cytological changes in the buccal mucosa and the lateral border of the tongue in smokers, passive smokers and non-smokers using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining method

Background and Objective: Cancer is one of the most common causes of death in the world. Besides About 3% of all malignancies are related to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Early diagnosis of this cancer is the best way to extend the life of patients and improve their quality of life. Today, the effort to identify pre-malignant lesions has doubled. One of these methods is cytology. The purpose of this study is to compare the observed changes in the cytological smears of smokers and passive smokers with non-smokers using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining method.Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic case control study was conducted in three groups with 25 subjects. Cytological smears were prepared by sterilized swabs from the buccal mucosa and lateral border of the tongue of smokers, passive smokers and non-smokers.Specimens previously fixed in alcohol, were stained in laboratory using Hematoxylin and Eosin. Samples were then evaluated for frequency of micronucleus, granular nucleus with coarse chromatin, clear nucleus, pleomorphism and binuclear cell and results were recorded.Findings: The frequency of granular nucleus with rough chromatin(p=0.03) and clear nucleus frequency(p=0.000) were significantly different in the studied groups. Both criterias were higher in smokers and passive smokers compared to non-smokers; But there wasn’t a difference between smokers and passive smokers.Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, smoking and exposure to cigarette smoke could be a risk factor for malignant cellular changes. Also, if the cytology technique is used with Hematoxylin and Eosin staining method, in is effective in early detection of some cytological changes and helps in early detection of dysplasia in the oral cavity.

کلیدواژه ها:

cytology ، tongue and buccal mucosa ، smoking