A Longitudinal Metabolomics in the Patients Diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction: Metabolomic profiling offers a new opportunity to discover biomarkers in complex diseases. We conducted this study by the metabolomic profiling of pregnant women to better understanding of the pathological processes of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Materials & Methods: 400 pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy primarily were enrolled, in which 32 women were diagnosed by GDM in 28th weeks of gestation. 32 healthy women without GDM matched as control group. The HNMR spectra were collected from plasma samples of the patients and healthy controls. The chemical displacement of the metabolites was obtained and entered into the Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) and the desired metabolites were obtained. Subsequently, metabolites were studied using MetaboAnalyst software for metabolites cycles and identification.Results: Steroid hormones were significantly increased in the first trimester of pregnancy in both groups. Metabolites of arachidonic acid and branched amino acids pathways were increased in the first trimester of women with GDM in compare to control group. In the third trimester of women with GDM, increase in the bile acid metabolites and lower levels of steroid hormones and prostaglandins were the most significant alterations in the metabolites in compare to control group.Conclusion: Here, we found some metabolite alterations which were reported for the first time. The involved metabolite pathways include steroid hormones, branched amino acids, arachidonic acid and bile acids. These findings may provide a better and faster diagnosis of GDM to predict and prevent the disease.