Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and Frequency of BlaVIM and blaNDM Genes in Isotylated Acinetobacter baumannii from Hospitalized Patients in Isfahan and Shahrekord

Background and Objectives: Currently, beta-lactams are used as a selective drug in the treatment of multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter spp., although the resistance to these agents is increasing. The bacteria with these mechanisms, including the production of β-lactamases, are resistant to these drugs. Metalo-beta-lactamases have different types that are often plasmid and among them are the most prominent blaVIM and blaNDM. The aim of this study was to evaluate the drug resistance and the frequency of blaVIM and blaNDM genes in isolated isolates from Isfahan and Shahrekord cities by molecular methods. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 500 clinical specimens including blood, ulcer, urine and respiratory tract collected from 3 hospitals in Isfahan (Alzahra and Kashani) and Shahrekord (Kashani) during one year from April 2018 to April 2019. After collecting samples, using biochemical methods Acinetobacter spp. were identified. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed on these isolates using disc diffusion method, based on CLSI instruction. Finally, PCR primers were used to determine the frequency of blaVIM and blaNDM genes. Results:Antibiotic resistance in 100 isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii were as follows: cefimoimide (97%), ceftriaxone (95%), amikacin (95%), imipenem (76%), piperacillin-tazobactam (70%), Meropenem (69%), Gentamicin (63%), Tobramycin (56%), Tetracycline (51%), Ampicillin-Sulbactam (49%) and lowest resistance to Poly-Mixin B. The PCR results showed 17% and 20%, respectively, of strains were carrying blaVIM and blaNDM genes, respectively. Conclusion:Increasing the incidence of Acinetobacter baumannii hospital points to the need to design protective programs such as controlling infections in the intensive care units. Also, using molecular methods, these bacteria can be identified and their antibiotic resistance characteristics are determined and appropriate antibiotics are prescribed.