Frequency and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Isolates in Clinical Samples from Namazi Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, 2019

Background and Objectives: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has been recognized as an emerging nosocomial pathogen in invasive infections of immunocompromised, severely debilitated patients with significant underlying illnesses. This study aimed to evaluate a nosocomial outbreak by S. maltophilia and investigate the frequency and antibiotic resistance profile of the bacteria isolated from the Intensive care unit and General ward at a general hospital in Shiraz. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 S. maltophilia isolates were obtained from various clinical specimens of patients from a Namazi teaching hospital, Shiraz, Iran, during 6 months from October 2018 to March 2019. S. maltophilia isolates were identified by conventional tests and confirmed by specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed, according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines using the disk diffusion method. Results: In the pattern of antibiotic resistance, the highest resistance rate showed to SMX/TMP (94.1%), and highest susceptibility for minocycline (100%). Moreover, Minocycline and levofloxacin exhibited the highest susceptibility of 91.46 and 99.39%, respectively. Conclusion: These findings provide useful information for future surveillance in association with prevention programs. Subsequently, surveillance should be focused on high-risk patients and/or those undergone surgery and invasive procedures.