Investigating the Relationship between the Expression of e-5NT and the Development and Progression of Neurological Diseases: Systematic Review

Neurological diseases affect central nervous system with inflammation including parkinson and multiple sclerosis. Ecto-5’-nucleotidase (e-5NT) is an enzym that in humans is encoded by the e-5NT gene. E-5NT commonly serves to convert adenosine monophosphate to adenosine. Although up-regulation of e-5NT was repeatedly reported in several vivo models of brain injury, the regulation of its expressionand function remains largely unknown.Therefore,the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the expression of e-5NT and the development of neurological diseases. We searched Pubmed, Google scholar, Cochrane, SID and ISC databases untilDecember 2018 with neurological diseases, ecto-5’- nucleotidase and development keywords. By searching these databases, only 25 articles were found in Pubmed and 100 articles were found in Google scholar. From 125 articles with investigating title we exclude 96 articles and with reading abstract we exclude 18 articles. Finally, we include 11 articles in to our study. 9 articles showed increasing the expression of e-5NT, leading to the development of neurological diseases, as well as changes in the level of the enzyme on neuroinflammation and immune function. The low level of activity for this enzyme in T cells can be related to continuous anomalies in the function of T cells in the clinical course of MS. In one article, inhibiting the formation of e-5NT may reduce musculoskeletal disorder in patients with epilepsy and provide new therapies for drug-resistant seizures in these patients. In another article, it was stated that a change in e-5NT expression could causeneuromuscular enhancement in myasthenia gravis with minimal disorder. Conclusion: Our findings imply that differential expression of e-5NT in astrocytes at different phases during the course of neuroinflammation may have a pivotal role in the induction, amplification and counterregulation of inflammatory response in the central nervous system. It is suggested that by blocking e-5NT receptors by selective antagonists, nerve stimulation can be eliminated in some neurological diseases