Therapeutic role of mesenchymal stem cells on acute lung injury induced acute kidney injury by bilateral nephrectomy in rats

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a clinical syndrome that is characterized with disturbances in gas exchange and the onset of hypoxia without sings of the clinical symptoms of left heart failure. The kidney has important role in clearance of blood uremia and pre inflammatory cytokines. So, Acute kidney injury increases these factors. Acute kidney injury establishes distant organs injury such as lung through systemic circulation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult cells that have been isolated from the bone marrow for the first time. MSCs have significant ability to modulate the immune systemMethods: This study performed on the 30 numbers of male rat(180-200gr) in three groups (Sham, Bilateral Nephrectomy(BNX), BNX + MSCs). At 24 hours after surgery, MSCs (2*106, i.p) or vehicle injected. At 48 hours after surgery, blood and lung tissue levels of IL-6 and structural of lung investigated by RT-PCR and H&H staining respectively.Results: Plasma levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine elevated at 48 hours after BNX. Also, the expression level of IL-6 increased in blood immune cells and lung tissue. BNX caused alveolar edema, lung vascular congestion and alveolar thickness in lung tissue. Whereas, treatment by MSCs modulated plasma factors and Lung tissue changes.Conclusion: Therefore, the remove of kidney cause accumulation of systemic mediators and establishes severe uremia. Maybe mesenchymal stem cells through anti-inflammatory effects modulate lung injury and improve disturbance in gases exchange.