The effect of sucrose and activated charcoal on browning and organogenesis of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) meristem culture

Iran is allocated to about 14% the cultivated area and 18%world production for date palm. Date palm propagates either by seeds or offshoots, but resulted seedlings generally differ considerably in fruit quality, harvesting time, and production potential. Seed propagation method has been used more often by the fact that date palm produces relatively few offshoots suitable for transplanting in its lifetime. Tissue culture propagation method is the most promising technique or production of sufficient plant materials of high quality. Several problems are still associated with the micropropagation of date palm; probably the most important being explant browning and embryogenesis initiation. To control date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) cv. Estamaran explant browning in vitro condition the effect of sucrose and activated charcoal in tissue culture media was investigated. In this experiment effect of different concentration of sucrose (30, 40 and 50 g.l-1) and 2 concentration of activated charcoal (0.5 and 2 g.l-1) on organogenesis and explant browning were studied. The experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The result shows that shoot regeneration was enhanced when sucrose concentration was used at 30 or 40 g l−1, but 50 g.l-1 of sucrose reduce that. Also, the use of 0.5 g.l-1 and 2 g.l-1 activated charcoal was not significantly different to reduce the browning of explants. This result developed an initial protocol for micropropagation of date palm. The concentration of sucrose was found to have a significant effect on organogenesis and browning of explants. Treatment with higher levels of antibiotic (especially cefotaxime) increased browning. This successful protocol would facilitate the vegetative propagation, conservation, and genetic engineering of this species.

کلیدواژه ها:

Tissue Culture ، Date Palm ، Sucrose ، Activated Charcoal ، Direct Organogenesis