Typology Factors of Persian gardens in Arid Zones of Iran (Case Study: Eram garden, Fin garden, Shahzadeh garden, Dolat Abad garden)

In the vast arid zone of Iran, there are gardens that are considered as valuable examples of the registered world heritage. The culture of Persian garden structuring has spread throughout the other lands, especially out in the Islamic territories. A number of books have written about and described the typology of different Persian gardens, but they have paid little attention to the reason why this typology was created and what role it has had in the Persian garden structures, particularly in the Iranian desert climates. Was the intolerable heat the only reason for constructing these gardens in these arid zones Or perhaps other reasons such as the special natural conditions should be taken into account. In the framework of this study, the main question asks about the typology of Persian gardens in the arid zones of Iran. Other questions include:What are typology indicators impacts on Persian gardens in arid zones How are the effects of arid climatic conditions on the typology of Persian garden structuring What are the affecting climatic diversities indicators on the Persian garden structuring At first, the definitions and ideas in the creation of Persian gardens are presented and then the existing structure of the gardens, along with the historical - analytical study of Persian garden typology, are reviewed. In the second step, the features of Persian garden structure including the architecture framework, climate and geometry are analyzed by using the field method and the libraries documents analysis. The aim of this study was to indict the kinds and the ways that climate indicators and Persian garden structuring are related. The results showed that based on the typology analysis, the dominant model of climate - centered patterns of Persian gardens is attainable.

کلیدواژه ها:

Persian gardens ، Typology ، Climate ، Arid zones