Effect of Irrigation Period and Bio-fertilizers on 1. Water Productivity and Wheat ( IPA 99 Cultivar) in Middle Region of Iraq/ Al- Diwaniyah province

Field experiment was carried out during winter seasons 2017-2018 in Al- Diwaniyah province, Iraq in silt loam calcareous soil to study the effect of irrigation period and biofertilizers application on yield and water productivity of wheat. The experimental treatments were arranged in Randomize Complete Block Design with three replicates. The main plots were assigned to irrigation period, whereas biofertilizers application was assigned to the sub plots. NPK mineral fertilizer were applied, as they are commonly used for growing wheat plants and recommended by Ministry of Agriculture were applied to all treatment excepted treatments biofertilizers application added half amount of chemical fertilizers recommended. Sowing was done on November 20th/2017 and harvest was done on 1/ May /2018. The irrigation period (every 10, 15 and 20 days) were arranged in main plots, whereas treatments of biofertilizers application in the sub plots (Bacteria solvent phosphate – Bacillus sabtilus + Azotobacter chroococcum for nitrogen fixation + Bacillus muceliganus solvent potassium and Tricoderma harzianum) were added rate 4 kg h-1 at band near seeds at planting. The obtained results could be due to irrigation every 10 and/or 15 days supplied sufficient soil moisture in the root zone which increased the capacity of wheat plant in photosynthesis and consequently increased flag leaf area, plant height, number of tillers m-2 and rate of chlorophyll in flag leaf. For interaction, the tallest flag leaf area 64.4 cm2, 105 cm 310 m-2 and 54.32 for flag leaf area, plant height, number of tillers m-2 and rate of chlorophyll in flag leaf, respectively were recorded for wheat plants treated with addition of biofertilizers and irrigated every 15 days for IPA 99 cultivars. The treatment irrigation every 15 days produced highest average grain yield 4042 kg ha-1 and differ significantly from treatment irrigation every 10 days 3620 kg ha-1, and irrigation every 20 days 2192 kg ha-1. Water productivity varied from 0.61 mm to 0.76 mm and 0.53 mm depending on the irrigation period at irrigation every 10, 15 and 20 day. The total amount of water productivity was 0.48 and 0.78 mm without and with addition biofertilizers application, respectively.

کلیدواژه ها:

irrigation period ، biofertilizers application ، wheat ، water productivity