Celiac Disease, Gluten-Free Diet, and Bone Mass Density

Background: Celiac disease (CD), as an autoimmune disease has initiated sinceingestion of food containing gluten. Constant intolerance to gluten causesdamages of the small intestinal mucosa. One reason of mal-absorption inchildren and infants is CD. Additionally, about 75% of newly identified patientswith CD have low bone mineral density (BMD). Many factors have role inmetabolic bone diseases, such as disturbance in calcium absorption, consumptionof endogenous calcium, fecal loss, damaged to vitamin D absorption, andinflammatory mediators. The gluten free diet (GFD) is the only efficacioustreatment for CD. Low BMD which is a prevalent problem of untreated CD maybe restored by GFD. Methods: Databases of PubMed, Web of science, Googlescholar, Scopus and Embase were searched by the following keywords: CD andGFD, CD and BMD, GFD and children up to July 2016. Results: Most childrenwith CD already have reduced bone mass density before treatment with GFD.GFD caused normal bone mineral density in most of celiac children andadolescent. The treatment duration for restoration of bone mass was not obvious.There were no similar time points for all patients, thus the duration of treatmentwas different. There was a relationship between age of patients at diagnosis andtherapeutic intervention and recovery of BMD; older children may have slowergrades of improvement. Conclusions: GFD has an important role in bone health.If CD is diagnosed and managed before adolescence, children with CD mayachieve normal bone mass.

کلیدواژه ها:

Celiac ، Gluten free diet ، Bone mineral density