Translation of Cultural Specific Items in Khayyam s Quatrains by Fitzgerald Based on to Newmark s Strategies

The knowledge of language and culture are indispensable elements for a comprehensive translation, the objective of which is to achieve the maximum benefit and best possible understanding the text. Translation evokes an act of moving or carrying across from one place or position to another, or of changing from one state of things to another. This does not apply only to the words of different languages, but also to human beings and their most important properties. In the present study, the researcher worked on the cultural influences on translation. In order to identify cultural specific items, and to study cultural influences on translation, the source and target texts were compared to indicate the ways and methods used for the translation of the mentioned items, based on the researcher’s intuition and perusing different cultural categories. The cultural specific items are identified according to the classification of Newmark’s theory. The corpus of present study is Khayyam quatrains translated by Fitzgerald. In the next step we determine the most and least frequent strategies used by translator for rendering the cultural specific items into English according to Newmark’s framework. Findings show that translator employed naturalization as the most frequent and literal translation as a least frequent strategies

کلیدواژه ها:

cultural specific items ، translation ، Newmark’s strategies