Blood Transfusion Complications in Newborns with Icterus (A Systematic Review)

Introduction: Blood transfusion is considered as one of the hyperbilirubinemia neonatal treatments; but despite its main role treatment, these complications can be very important. Therefore, this study aims to review the blood transfusion complications in children with the icter. Materials and methods: this review was conducted using the keywords such as infant, jaundice, and blood transfusion in international databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, SID, and Google Scholar and 74 papers were extracted. After evaluation of inclusion and exclusion criteria and based on the Prisma checklist, 27 papers were deleted and finally, 47 papers were listed from 2004 to 2016 and data were extracted. Results: The main indication of blood transfusion was severe in infants with hyperbilirubinemia who did not respond to other treatments and are at risk for ictreosis. Also, in the neonate hemolytic disease, which occurs due to maternal immune response against embryonic cells, blood transfusions can also be applied. In other cases, such as the removal of exogenous toxins (medications) or endogenous (metabolic), blood transfusion is a good alternative, but in 5-10% of cases it is associated with serious complications, especially in premature infants. The potential complications of blood transfusion are important and are classified into three categories: (1) Complications associated with blood components such as: high heparin use, host transplantation response, malformative red blood cell hemolysis, hypercalchaemia, erythema, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, tetanus, Thrombocytopenia, acidosis and infections; (2) Catheter-related complications: cardiac erythema, embolism, necrotizing enterocolitic infection and thrombosis; (3) blood transfusion complications: incidental bleeding, amblyopia, hemolysis due to mechanical damage, heat, hypothermia, intracerebral hemorrhage, intracranial pressure fluctuations, and systemic blood pressure fluctuations due to hypovolemia and hypervolemia. Conclusion: literature show that thrombocytopenia and metabolic acidosis are the most common blood transfusion complications. Due to the blood transfusion complications, count control of platelet and gasometric measurements after the blood transfusion, it is necessary that with the timely diagnosis of blood transfusion complications, its correction is considered.

کلیدواژه ها:

Neonatal ، Jaundice ، Blood transfusion