The role of long non coding rnas (lncrnas) in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer is a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide .The development of colon cancer is a multifactorial and multi-stage process that abnormal expression of the gene plays an important role. With the advance of human tumor molecular biology, studies have highlighted the role of (lncRNAs) in the development of CRC. lncRNA is an RNA molecule, greater than 200 nt, which is not predicted to encode protein. lncRNAs have the Important roles in the regulation of gene expression at different levels epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional. At the epigenetic level:1) HOTAIR: The expression levels of HOTAIR and the prognosis of patients are positively correlated in CRC. HOTAIR promotes metastasis, recurrence and prognosis of CRC.2) MEG3: MEG3 expression is downregulated in CRC.3) PCAT-1: PCAT-1 expression in CRC tissues is significantly up- regulated.4) CCAT2: CCAT2 is highly overexpressed in CRC. At the transcription level :1) HULC: HULK is over-expressed in CRC and may be involved in the process of metastasis to the liver.2) Loc285194:This lncRNA functions as a potential tumor suppressor in CRC.3) H19:H19 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis and functions as a tumor oncogene via miR-148b and 200a.4) PTENP1: The 3’UTR of PTENP1 is a pseudogene of PTEN and Can be translated into the tumor suppressor protein PTEN. At the post-transcription level:1) CCAT:( CCAT1 - CCAT1-L - CCAT2 ) function as a tumor oncogene in CRC.2) MEG3: MEG3 is absent from the human colon cancer cell lines and functions as a Tumor suppressor.3) MALAT-1: Is overexpressed in CRC and functions as a tumor oncogene.

کلیدواژه ها:

Colorectal Cancer ، Cancer Diagnosis ، Cancer Prevention ، Cell and Cancer ، Cancer Treatment and Management