The impact of free trade on the environmental quality Case study: selected OPEC members

The literature on trade openness, economic growth, and the environment quality is largely obscure about the environmental consequences of trade. While many believe that trade openness is an important factor for sustainable development and environment, some believe that free trade have the negative consequences on environment. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the effect of trade liberalization on the environment quality in selected OPEC members covering the period of (1993-2011) using panel data methods. We use a regression model to determine the relationship between variables. The trade impacts on environment quality have been classified as scale effect , technical effect and composition effect. The empirical results indicates that scale effect, technical effect and composition effect of trade openness increase the emission of the dioxide carbon gas. In additional, our results supports the pollution haven hypothesis in selected countries

کلیدواژه ها:

Free Trade ، Environmental quality ، Scale effect ، Technical Effec ، Composition Effect ، Panel data