The Effect of Magnetic Field on Laminar Forced Convection Flow of Nanofluid Over Backward and Forward Facing Steps

In this study the forced laminar convection of Nano fluids flowing through a channel with backward and forward facing steps and under presence of a uniform magnetic field is studied. Continuity, Navier-Stokes and energy equations are solved numerically using Simple algorithm and methods expressed by Patankar and by writing the code in FORTRAN. This study is carried out for a wide range of important parameters such as Hartmann 0  Ha  20 and volume fraction of nanoparticles 0    0.2 . The results show that the external magnetic field reduces the size ofthe vortex region. Nusselt number distribution is drawn on the lower wall and the recess area between the two steps in order to examine the changes in the heat transfer. It is observed that Hartman and volume fraction of nanoparticles act as parameters to control convective heat transfer. The comparison between the numerical results of this study and the findings of other studies shows a good agreement