BIOFERTILIZERS AND THEIR ROLE IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AND THEIR EFFECTS ON INVIRONMENT

In recent decades production of agricultural products was mainli relied on consumption of chemical substances wich led to environmental problems. As a reason of population growth and increasing demand for food products,consumption of chemical fertilizers in order to increased production in the erea unit has been strongly enhanced. It causes a lot of inappropriate consequences include: pollution and destruction of water and soil sources and threatening the health of human and other organisms. There for,Now days usage of Biofertilizers with the origin of bacteria, fungus, alga and … has been considered in the whole world especially in agriculture.MATERIALS AND METHODS Biofertilizers refers to fertilizers containing one or more species of terricolus organisms which are offers on appropriate preservatives. Biofertilizers as microbial inoculums are a compositions which increase the efficienly of one or more required ingredients of plant and also enhance the absorbency of nutriens in the soil by plant. Nowadays, Biofertilizers are used in different forms and formulas for various agricultural productions like grains, vagetables, industrial plants, garden and green house plants.Biofertilizers are divided into,two groups and several types like bacterial, fungal, reey, molecular nitrogen stabilizers and microorganisms which convert organic waste to composite. These fertilizres have a lot of economical fertilizers, for example: They cause maintaining and developing the soil fertility, increased nutrient absorption,, preventing the pollution of soil and ground water and surface water resources, reduction in consumption of chemical fertilizers as much as 30%, preventing the deseases emanated by consuming the contaminated products, conservation of environment and preventing it from destruction, production of healthy products and causing sustainable balance in production of agricultural products. These Biofertilizers can ensure physical health in consumers.So we can conclude that in order to achieve sustainable development in agriculture and gaining the goals and predicted policies, using the Biofertilizers is a suitable solution. The aim of doing this research on Biofertilizres is increasing the knowledge of farmers and reseachers through a glance at different types of Biofertilizers and their position in Iran and their role in sustainable agriculture and in nutrition and health of society by pointing at their advantages and disadvantages and their important role in environment. In addition we hope that by planning and giving proposals, we can make a progress in agricultural knowledge and increase production of healthy products.

کلیدواژه ها:

Biofertilizers ، environment ، sustainable ، agriculture ، nutrition ، health