Effects of mycorrhiza, selenium, and methanol on the trend of changes of ‎chlorophyll fluorescence components and some physiological traits of barley ‎‎(Hordeum vulgare L.) in different irrigation regimes

In order to study the effects of mycorrhiza application and foliar application of selenium and methanol on the trend of changes of chlorophyll fluorescence components and some physiological characteristics of barley in different irrigation regimes, an experiment as a factorial was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the research greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, during ۲۰۲۴. The experimental factors included different levels of irrigation (full irrigation as control, irrigation withholding at ۵۰% of booting and heading stages as severe and moderate water limitation, respectively (equivalent to BBCH ۴۳ and ۵۵ scale, respectively), application of mycorrhiza at two levels (with and without mycorrhiza), and foliar application of selenium and methanol at four levels (foliar application with water as control, foliar application of ۳۰% w/v methanol, foliar application of ۳ mg.L-۱ selenium and combined foliar application of selenium and methanol. The results showed that under irrigation withholding at the ۵۰% booting stage, both the application of mycorrhiza and selenium and methanol foliar application increased soluble sugars and proline content (۴۲.۷ and ۵۶.۴%, respectively), root volume (۲۶.۱%), root dry weight (۲۳.۴%), and grain yield (۳۲.۵%) in comparison with no application of mycorrhiza and selenium and methanol foliar at the same level  from irrigation levels. So, at ۱۰۲ days after planting under irrigation withholding at ۵۰% of the booting stage, application of mycorrhiza, selenium, and methanol foliar application increased chlorophyll index (۲۵.۱%), nitrogen content of the flag leaf (۱۹.۱%), relative water content (۲۲.۱%), quantum yield (۳۲.۴%), maximum fluorescence (۳۲.۱%), variable fluorescence (۷۴.۵%), Fv/F۰ or the activity of the water splitting complex (۱۰۷%)  compared to no application of mycorrhiza, selenium, and methanol at the same level from irrigation levels. Also, the application of mycorrhiza and foliar application of selenium and methanol at full irrigation conditions decreased electrical conductivity (۳۲.۹%), minimum fluorescence (۳۰%), and F۰/Fm (۴۲.۵%) compared to no application of mycorrhiza, selenium, and methanol under irrigation withholding at the booting stage. The results of this study showed that the application of mycorrhiza, selenium, and methanol can be suggested to improve the yield of barley under water limitation conditions.

کلیدواژه ها:

Booting stage ، Chlorophyll index ، Electrical conductivity ، Irrigation levels ، سطوح آبیاری ، شاخص کلروفیل ، مرحله آبستنی ، هدایت الکتریکی