Design, Construction, and Validation of an EFL Teachers' Visual Literacy Questionnaire in Iran

Visual literacy has become an important ability for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers. However, no comprehensive validated instrument previously existed to measure Iranian EFL teachers' knowledge, attitudes, and classrooms practices in this domain. The present study aimed to design, construct, and validate the EFL Teachers' Visual Literacy Questionnaire. Items were generated from established theoretical frameworks, reviewed by six ELT experts, and pilot-tested with ۳۲ teachers (Cronbach's ɑ = .۸۹). The final ۴۵-item questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample of ۱۸۷ Iranian EFL teachers working in private institutes, public schools, and online platforms. Results confirmed strong internal consistency (Cronbach's ɑ = .۹۱ for the main sample) and acceptable content validity. The questionnaire is presented as a practical tool for researchers, teacher educators, and policymakers interested in assessing and developing visual literacy among Iranian EFL teachers.

کلیدواژه ها:

visual literacy ، questionnaire development ، validation ، EFL teachers ، Iran