Modern Filtration Technologies for Nutrient Removal from Domestic Wastewaters: A Review

Nitrogen and phosphorus are essential for the growth and vitality of living organisms; hence they are called nutrients. However, the discharge of nutrient-rich waste streams into aquatic ecosystems leads to eutrophication. Therefore, nutrient removal from wastewater is critical to meet strict nutrient discharge standards. In general, the management of water and wastewater resources is essential to achieve sustainable development. Today, with the progress of urbanization, the necessity to remove nutrients from domestic wastewater that threaten human health is strongly felt. Therefore, it is necessary to develop current methods in addition to using previous methods in nutrient removal to be economically viable and also to increase the efficiency of the system. Due to the presence of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, domestic wastewater causes the rapid growth of all kinds of algae after being discharged into the water and finally ends in the phenomenon of enrichment. As a result, it is necessary to reduce the amount of phosphorus and nitrogen as much as possible before discharging the wastewater into water sources. Therefore, in this study, a new perspective of modern filtration technologies in the removal of phosphorus and nitrogen is given. It is necessary to explain that most of the following methods are relatively new methods that are converted into methods with higher efficiency and lower costs for domestic wastewater treatment by combining or modifying the main process.

کلیدواژه ها:

Modern technologies ، Domestic wastewater ، Nitrogen ، phosphorus ، Filtration Technologies