Background and Aim: Primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors comprise a heterogeneous group of brain neoplasms with varying degrees of malignancy. Even benign types can lead to serious outcomes due to their location and local invasiveness. Epidemiological and histopathological data on these tumors remain limited in different populations, and understanding their characteristics may improve prognosis and patient management.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study included ۱,۶۰۳ patients with primary brain tumors who underwent surgical resection at Loghman Hakim Educational and Therapeutic Center between ۲۰۱۰ and ۲۰۱۶. Demographic data, including age, sex, tumor location, and histopathological features, were collected from medical records. Incomplete pathology data were completed through a review of tissue slides. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software, version ۲۲, including descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and independent t-tests.
Results: The mean age of patients was ۴۲.۹ years. Primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors were more common in females (۵۲.۵%) than in males (۴۷.۵%). Gliomas and meningiomas were the most common tumors, accounting for ۳۸% and ۳۷.۹%, respectively. Glioblastoma was the most frequent glioma subtype. The number of diagnosed patients increased during the study period, reaching approximately four times that reported in the first year of the study. Tumor grading analysis indicated that males were significantly more likely to present with higher-grade tumors (P<۰.۰۵).
Conclusion: The high prevalence of gliomas and meningiomas, along with the marked increase in patient referrals over the study period, highlights the importance of multicenter epidemiological and etiological studies. Further investigation of genetic, environmental, and diagnostic factors may improve management strategies and inform preventive and therapeutic policies.
