The Correlation of Age and Gender with Parameters of ۲۴-Hour Urinalysis in Patients with Urolithiasis

Introduction: Urolithiasis, a ubiquitous entity, is considered a significant burden on the healthcare system. The ۲۴-hour urine test can significantly guide the implementation of appropriate strategies for the management of kidney stones. However, little is known about the correlation of age and gender with ۲۴-hour urine abnormalities, notably in non-Western countries. Methods: The medical records of the patients referred for urolithiasis management between ۲۰۲۰ and ۲۰۲۱ were reviewed. The results of the ۲۴-hour urine collection were evaluated and correlated with age and gender.Results: We identified ۳۷۷ patients, of whom ۲۳۴ (۶۲.۰۷ %) were male. The average age of the participants was ۵۰.۰۷ ± ۸.۱۹. Those with hypocitraturia, decreased urinary output, increased creatinine, hyperoxaluria, hypomagnesuria, hyperuricosuria, as well as those who lacked hypercalciuria, were significantly younger (۴۹.۷±۰.۵, ۴۱.۰۷±۰.۷, ۴۷.۰۱±۰.۸, ۴۳.۳±۰.۳, ۴۷.۳±۱.۰, ۴۷.۹±۰.۹, ۴۰.۹±۱.۲, respectively; P-value< ۰.۰۵; stated as age (y) ± standard error of the mean), while urinary citrate, volume, creatinine, protein, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, oxalate, and magnesium were the parameters with significant associations with gender (P-value < ۰.۰۵). The most frequent urinary abnormalities were hypocitraturia (۳۰.۷۷ %), hypomagnesuria (۲۹.۴۴ %), and hyperoxaluria (۲۸.۶۵ %), while the increase in the urinary creatinine was the least frequent finding (۷.۹۶ %).Conclusion: The current study presents the distribution of ۲۴-hour urine abnormalities in a stone-forming population. Furthermore, certain correlations of urinary parameters with age and gender were determined, which, in turn, can be assessed in future studies to provide opportunities for designing stone risk prediction models and introducing approaches for personalized medicine. Eventually, ۲۴-hour urine collection in patients affected by urinary calculi can be cost-effective if judiciously employed in appropriate populations.

کلیدواژه ها:

۲۴-Hour Urine ، Urinalysis ، Urine Specimen Collection ، urolithiasis ، Kidney stone