Optimizing Real-Time Data Latency in WSNs through Adaptive Routing Strategies

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are challenged by the difficulty of low-latency data delivery for real-time IoT applications, causing inefficiency or safety issues. This study explores sink rate and rendezvous point-aided adaptive routing protocols to reduce latency while preserving energy efficiency and reliability. NS-۳ simulations were implemented with WSNs of ۱۰۰-۵۰۰ nodes with high-traffic conditions, comparing adaptive and static protocols. Various sink rates (۰.۱-۱.۰ packets/second) and rendezvous points (۵-۲۰% of nodes) were tested over ۱۰۰ runs. Adaptive routing cut latency by ۳۵% (۴۵۰ ms to ۲۹۲ ms), with the best performance at ۰.۵-۰.۷ packets/second, with delays under ۲۰۰ ms. Moreover, it exhibited improved resilience, with a ۱۵% rise in latency at ۲۰% node failures, whereas static protocols showed ۴۰%. Statistical analysis (ANOVA, p<۰.۰۰۱) validated the findings. Further tests using physical testbeds are recommended.

کلیدواژه ها:

Wireless Sensor Networks ، Adaptive Routing Strategies ، Data Latency Optimization ، Mobile Sink Mobility ، Rendezvous Points ، Energy Efficiency