BIM-Integrated Passive Design Strategies for Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Comfort in School Buildings: A Systematic Literature Review

The importance of indoor air quality (IAQ) and thermal comfort cannot be understated as factors that affect the health, cognitive functioning, and performance of children during schooling. However, a significant portion of schools still utilizes passive design approaches without optimizing their benefits through digital design tools. The Building Information Modeling (BIM) approach provides a basis for simulating passive design strategies, including natural ventilation, solar shading, building orientation, daylighting, and thermal mass, before construction begins. Still, there is little research on how BIM-related approaches have been used to design schools. This narrative systematic review summarizes findings from ۴۲ peer-reviewed sources, published from ۲۰۱۲ to ۲۰۲۴, using a PRISMA-based approach to search for relevant information in Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ACM Digital Library to provide an overview of how BIM-related simulations are applied to the passive design of schools. This review establishes the fact that the use of BIM for the implementation of passive design approaches results in energy savings of about ۱۵ to ۳۰ percent related to cooling loads, where natural ventilation and solar shading methods are usually used in combination with computational fluid dynamics and thermal simulation software such as EnergyPlus, DesignBuilder, and OpenFOAM. However, there are certain research gaps related to performance assessment, application of BIM in renovation projects, occupant behavior, and specific thermal comfort criteria for children. This review outlines a framework that includes five stages that can be applied by architects, engineers, and researchers in the context of climate analysis, strategy choice, digital modeling and testing, performance assessment, and evaluation after construction.

کلیدواژه ها:

BIM ، Passive Design ، Indoor Air Quality ، Thermal Comfort ، School Buildings ، Sustainable Architecture ، PRISMA ، Parametric Optimization