Correlation Between Aloe vera-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Improved Healing Outcomes in Cutaneous Wounds

Cutaneous wound healing is a complex, multi-phase biological process that involves inflammation, cell proliferation, extracellular matrix formation, and tissue remodeling. In recent years, natural plant-derived compounds have attracted considerable attention because they offer therapeutic benefits with minimal side effects. Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) is one of the most widely used medicinal plants due to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, tissue-regenerative properties. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between the anti-inflammatory effects of Aloe vera extract and the enhancement of wound-healing outcomes in an experimental rat model. Full-thickness excisional wounds with a diameter of approximately ۱.۵-۲ cm were created on the dorsal skin of laboratory rats. The wounds were treated topically with a standardized dose of Aloe vera gel extract once daily. Histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed on days ۳, ۷, and ۱۴ after injury to evaluate inflammatory cell infiltration, fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis, collagen deposition, and epithelial regeneration. The results showed that Aloe vera treatment significantly improved wound repair through several measurable effects: Reduced inflammation: Aloe vera-treated wounds exhibited a ۳۰-۴۰% decrease in inflammatory cell infiltration by day ۳ compared with untreated controls. Enhanced fibroblast proliferation: Fibroblast density increased by approximately ۵۰% in the treated group by day ۷. Increased angiogenesis: The number of newly formed blood vessels increased by ۲۰-۳۵% in Aloe-treated wounds. Improved collagen deposition: By day ۱۴, type I collagen content was around ۴۰% higher and more organized compared with the control group. Accelerated re-epithelialization: The epithelial layer reformed ۲-۳ days earlier in the Aloe-treated group. Faster wound closure: By day ۱۴, wound size in the treated group had decreased by ۷۰-۸۰%, while control wounds showed only ۵۰-۶۰% reduction. Overall, these findings indicate that Aloe vera promotes wound healing primarily by modulating early inflammatory responses and stimulating key cellular activities involved in tissue reconstruction. Therefore, Aloe vera may serve as an effective natural therapeutic agent for improving cutaneous wound management.

کلیدواژه ها:

Aloe vera ، wound healing ، anti-inflammatory activity ، histopathology ، tissue regeneration ، experimental rats