Nano adjuvant as next generation alternatives to traditional adjuvants in veterinary vaccine

Safe and effective vaccines are the most powerful and cost-efficient tools for promoting global health and driving economic growth. In veterinary medicine, they are essential not only for enhancing productivity but also for controlling zoonotic diseases. Recently, nano vaccines-formulated using engineered nanomaterials-have emerged as innovative alternatives to conventional vaccines, showing significant potential to improve immune protection and enhance vaccine stability. Nano adjuvants enhance vaccine efficacy by improving immune response, stability, and targeted delivery, offering a promising strategy for next-generation veterinary vaccines. we evaluated nano chitosan and nano aluminum as adjuvants for pasteurellosis vaccine in sheep. Sheep were immunized with vaccine formulations containing either nano chitosan, nano alum, or no adjuvant (control), and immune responses were monitored. Humoral immunity was assessed via antibody titers. Both nano adjuvants significantly enhanced vaccine immunogenicity compared to the control. These Nano adjuvants elicited stimulation of humoral responses, whereas Traditional aluminum adjuvants. No adverse reactions were observed, and vaccine stability was maintained in both nano adjuvant formulations. These results demonstrate that nano chitosan and nano alum are effective and safe adjuvants for veterinary vaccines, offering potential for improved disease control and livestock health.

کلیدواژه ها:

Nano adjuvant ، veterinary vaccine ، Chitosan ، Alum