Systematic Review of Spatial Justice and Uneven Resilience Distribution in Drying Water Basins: A Moral and Political Analysis with a Conceptual Model (Case Study: Southeast Urmia)

This paper systematically reviews the theoretical foundations of spatial justice and uneven resilience in drying water basins, focusing on the moral and political question of who is more resilient and why. A qualitative systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted on four key theories: environmental justice, Bourdieu’s social capital, Ribot and Peluso’s Access Theory (RAT), and Amartya Sen’s capability approach. The findings reveal that resilience in the southeast of Lake Urmia is not merely a function of physical water access but is shaped by political agency, social capital distribution, institutional power structures, and unrecognized capabilities. As an original contribution, a conceptual model is proposed linking spatial justice dimensions to resilience outcomes. The paper concludes that spatial justice requires redistributing “resilience capabilities” rather than only water resources, and a capability‑centered justice framework is presented for policy interventions.

کلیدواژه ها:

Spatial justice ، environmental justice ، uneven resilience ، capability approach ، Lake Urmia ، systematic review ، conceptual model