Dynamic Behavior of Urban Tunnels under Strong Earthquakes: Simulation Analysis for Tehran and Tokyo

Urban tunnels in seismically active regions must withstand intense ground shaking. This paper investigates the dynamic behavior of tunnels under strong earthquakes through simulated seismic scenarios and real-time numerical analysis using the finite difference method (FDM). Focusing on the megacities of Tehran and Tokyo, we compare tunnel performance in each urban context using advanced accelerometer-derived ground motion inputs. Key topics include the seismic hazard environment of Tehran versus Tokyo, the response mechanisms of tunnel structures during strong ground motions, real-time time-history simulation techniques with FDM, and the design of representative seismic scenarios for urban tunnels. Results highlight differences in dynamic response between Tehran and Tokyo tunnels based on sensor-informed simulations. Key ground motion parameters (e.g. peak acceleration, frequency content, duration) and structural response metrics (e.g. lining deformations, internal forces) are analyzed. Finally, implications are drawn for the seismic design and retrofitting of urban tunnels, emphasizing simulation-based insights to enhance resilience in high-risk seismic zones.

کلیدواژه ها:

Urban tunnels ، real-time numerical analysis ، Tehran versus Tokyo ، earthquakes