Online versus Face-to-Face Practicum: A Comparative Study of Motivation among EFL Pre-service Teachers

Teaching practicum is an important part of pre-service teacher education, because it is where student teachers put their theoretical knowledge into practice. However, the imposed war in Iran has forced many universities to shift to online education, including practicum courses. This study examined whether Iranian EFL pre-service teachers feel differently motivated in online versus face-to-face practicum settings. Twenty male EFL student teachers at Farhangian University of Semnan, who had experienced both types of practicum in two consecutive semesters, completed a questionnaire that measured four aspects of motivation: interest and enjoyment, teaching confidence, professional commitment, and engagement. The results of a paired-samples t-test showed that participants were significantly more motivated during face-to-face practicum than online practicum (t (۱۹) = ۵.۸۴, p <.۰۰۱, Cohen's d = ۱.۳۴). These findings suggest that face-to-face practicum remains essential for maintaining pre-service teacher motivation, especially in times of crisis.

کلیدواژه ها:

Motivation ، Online practicum ، Face-to-face practicum ، EFL pre-service teachers