Technology-Enhanced Task-Based Language Teaching (TBL): A Systematic Review of Digital Tasks, Learning Outcomes, and Learner Engagement

Technology-enhanced Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) has gained momentum with the integration of mobile applications, online collaborative platforms, AI-assisted tools, and multimodal digital environments. This systematic review synthesizes findings from ۴۵ empirical studies to examine the digital tasks used in TBLT, the learning outcomes they support, and the contextual factors influencing their effectiveness. Results show that such tasks including mobile-assisted activities, collaborative online problem-solving, AI-supported speaking and writing tasks, and Gamified learning environments enhance fluency, lexical development, and interactional competence. Accuracy gains were strongest in tasks featuring integrated feedback. Learners also demonstrated heightened engagement, motivation, and willingness to communicate. However, outcomes varied depending on task design quality, feedback type, proficiency level, technological usability, and teacher mediation. The review concludes that technology-enhanced TBLT meaningfully strengthens communicative learning when pedagogically aligned and supported by appropriate scaffolding.

کلیدواژه ها:

Technology-enhanced TBLT ، Digital tasks ، Learner engagement ، EFL learning outcomes ، AI-assisted language learning ، Mobile-assisted language learning ، systematic review