Explaining the Semantic Conflict of the Phrase "what is between their hands and what is behind them" with a Cognitive and Rhetorical Approach

As a Qur'anic interpretation of time, " what is between their hands and what is behind them " refers to both past/future and past/future meanings according to authentic lexical interpretations. Similar to this conflict, Likoff and Johnson have investigated the English language with a cognitive approach and through the theory of conceptual metaphor. This theory, based on the truth of embodied perception, states that our language has given a spatial concept to the abstract concept of time. In this regard, especially to explain conflicts, three cognitive models of time are proposed: ۱- moving observer model, ۲- moving time model, and ۳- time sequence model. The current research, with the descriptive-analytical method and with the application of cognitive models, and in comparison, with rhetorical analysis, expresses the degree of success of each in justifying the aforementioned conflict. Models ۱ and ۲, which are observer-oriented, justify one meaning; it is behind in both the future, the present, and the past. But model ۳, which is time-oriented, does not agree with the verses containing the composition, because the presence of the observer in the verses is certain. However, the rhetorical point of view, relying on the pillar of similitude in metaphor, explains the reason for this conflict well, with two credits: the allegory of added/additional movement and the visible/invisible allegory. According to the results of this research, rhetorical analysis has provided a more complete and coherent explanation of this conflict compared to cognitive analysis.

کلیدواژه ها:

Conceptual metaphor ، Time as Place ، Semantic Conflict ، Cognitive Models ، Rhetorical analysis